The strontium (Sr) stable isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr) is a powerful hydrogeological and biogeochemical tracer and has been used to determine the geographical provenance of minerals and bones, as well as protein and plant fibers, but few textiles made of bast fibers. Here we report a first attempt to investigate the possibility of using Sr isotopic analysis to trace the origin of a heritage hemp (Cannabis sativa) fabric from Iceland likely made in the early 17th century and previously identified botanically. Iceland has a uniform young soil type formed by volcanic activity making it possible to collect a single soil sample and compare it to a reference sample of recently grown Icelandic hemp fibers. This special circumstance makes the Sr isotope ratio conclusive for determining whether the heritage textile hemp fibers were grown there or not. Fibers from a Romanian hemp towel were also analyzed as additional reference material, to calculate the sample size required when analyzing the Icelandic fabric. In total, four samples were analyzed, and the results are reported here. Strontium isotope signals indicate that hemp fibers from the Icelandic fabric were not grown on the island, and that they may have originated in France or Scotland.